現在の号 (ボリューム - 4 | 問題 - 5) at IgMin Research

Objective: We compared the prevalence of abnormal glucose status between Senegalese migrants and their relatives staying in their villages in Fuuta (a rural region in the Northern part of Senegal).Design and methods: We led an exhaustive study on all the Senegalese migrants present in Saint-Die (Vosges, France) (SD) at a 1-year interval. We led a similar study at the same period on their relatives in their villages of Fuuta (F). Study parameters were Weight (W), height, Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist/Hip Ratio (WHR), and Fasting Capillary Glycaem...ia (FCG) expressed in total blood glucose. We classified patients into normal (N: FCG ≤ 1.00 g/l), Impaired Fasting Glycaemia (IFG: FCG between 1.00 g/l and 1.09 g/l), diabetic (D: FCG > 1.10 g/l when fasting or ≥ 1.80 g/l when not fasting), or abnormal glucose status (IFG + D). SD sample included 74 subjects (58.1% female) of mean age 41.7+/-12.7 years. The sample included 847 subjects (66.9% female) of mean age 37.3+/-17.8 years.Results: In the SD group, W was 76.8+/-11.4 kg (BMI = 26.80+/-4.30 kg/m2); 57 (77.03%) had normal blood glucose, and 17 (22.97%) had IFG+D, among whom 12 (70.6%) were diabetic. In the F group, W was 60.8+/-10.9 kg (BMI = 21.37+/-3.70 kg/m2); 791 (93.39%) had normal blood glucose, and only 56 (6.61%) had IFG+D, among whom 35 (62.5%) were diabetic. Prevalence of IFG+D between SD and F was significantly different (p < 0.01%). There are still significant differences after standardization on age.Conclusion: As described in other countries, Senegalese migrants have a much higher risk of developing diabetes mellitus than their relatives remaining in their birth country. The main reason seems to be the nutritional transition (diet and sedentary lifestyle).Read more

Background: Recently, the amount of bleeding during and after Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) has decreased owing to the use of tranexamic acid, advancements in surgical devices, improvements in surgical skills, and the introduction of minimally invasive surgery. Therefore, the need for blood transfusions is decreasing. We monitored haemoglobin (Hb) and haematocrit (Ht) levels, estimated blood loss, transfusion rates, and other aspects of Anterolateral Supine THA (ALS-THA) performed at our institution without autologous blood donation and closed s...uction drainage.Methods: Patients (n = 316) with preoperative Hb ≥10.0 g/dL during primary unilateral THA performed at our hospital from May 2021 to July 2023 were included. Hb and Ht levels, surgical time, intraoperative blood loss, estimated postoperative blood loss, allogeneic blood transfusion rates, and complication rates were evaluated. We performed logistic regression analysis on age, sex, blood type, height, weight, BMI, preoperative Hb, and preoperative Ht to evaluate the risk of blood transfusion. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed on preoperative Hb levels and blood transfusions.Results: Blood transfusions were performed in 10 of the 316 cases (3.2%), with a transfusion rate of 16.7% in patients with preoperative Hb < 12g/dL.Univariate analysis revealed significant differences in preoperative Hb and Ht levels, whereas multivariate analysis showed a significant difference in preoperative Hb (odds ratio 0.39). In ROC analysis, the cutoff value was Hb 12.3 g/dL (sensitivity 0.7; specificity 0.84).Conclusion: The preoperative Hb level was the most important factor contributing to the transfusion risk in THA. Preoperative anemia treatment may further reduce blood transfusions.Read more